基于區(qū)塊鏈的高可靠北斗RTK服務(wù)系統(tǒng)研究
網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全與數(shù)據(jù)治理 4期
袁小溪1，孫 舟1，陳 平1，及洪泉1，劉祥璐1，潘鳴宇1，陳思源2，3
(1.國網(wǎng)北京市電力公司電力科學(xué)研究院，北京100075； 2.重慶倍來電新能源有限公司，重慶401122；3.北京理工大學(xué) 計算機(jī)學(xué)院，北京100081)
摘要： 高精度的全球?qū)Ш叫l(wèi)星系統(tǒng)測量必須采用載波相位觀測值，RTK是基于載波相位觀測值的實(shí)時動態(tài)定位技術(shù)，它能夠?qū)崟r提供測站點(diǎn)在指定坐標(biāo)系中的三維定位結(jié)果。北斗衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)在RTK作業(yè)模式下，基準(zhǔn)站通過數(shù)據(jù)鏈將其觀測值和測站坐標(biāo)信息一起傳送給流動站。然而，在中心化存儲條件下，這些數(shù)據(jù)很容易被篡改，如果篡改發(fā)生在地籍調(diào)查、森林防火、海上救援等事件中，可能會對公民和國家利益相關(guān)者造成生命和經(jīng)濟(jì)損害。因此，有必要識別錯誤、偽造的數(shù)據(jù)來確保北斗定位數(shù)據(jù)的完整性，通過支持溯源和公開可驗證來提高數(shù)據(jù)的可靠性。區(qū)塊鏈?zhǔn)且粋€分布式賬本系統(tǒng)，天然具有去中心化、公開可驗證、防篡改、可溯源等性質(zhì)。提出了一種新的北斗衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)RTK服務(wù)框架，使用區(qū)塊鏈網(wǎng)絡(luò)來記錄北斗數(shù)據(jù)，利用區(qū)塊鏈公開可驗證和不可篡改特性，保證了北斗數(shù)據(jù)的完整性和可靠性；利用流動站監(jiān)控RTCM數(shù)據(jù)流，改進(jìn)包月包年計費(fèi)模式，實(shí)現(xiàn)按流量計費(fèi)使付費(fèi)模式更加合理精細(xì)，并利用以太坊客戶端搭建私有鏈加以實(shí)現(xiàn)。
中圖分類號： TP393
文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼： A
DOI： 10.19358/j.issn.2097-1788.2022.04.001
引用格式： 袁小溪，孫舟，陳平，等. 基于區(qū)塊鏈的高可靠北斗RTK服務(wù)系統(tǒng)研究[J].網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全與數(shù)據(jù)治理，2022，41(4)：4-10，36.
文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼： A
DOI： 10.19358/j.issn.2097-1788.2022.04.001
引用格式： 袁小溪，孫舟，陳平，等. 基于區(qū)塊鏈的高可靠北斗RTK服務(wù)系統(tǒng)研究[J].網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全與數(shù)據(jù)治理，2022，41(4)：4-10，36.
Research on high reliable RTK service framework of Beidou satellite navigation system based on blockchain
Yuan Xiaoxi1，Sun Zhou1，Chen Ping1，Ji Hongquan1，Liu Xianglu1，Pan Mingyu1，Chen Siyuan2，3
(1.Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Beijing Electric Power Limited Company，Beijing 100075，China； 2.Chongqing Double Power New Energy Limited Company，Chongqing 401122，China； 3.School of Computer Science，Beijing Institute of Technology，Beijing 100081，China)
Abstract： High precision global navigation satellite system(GNSS) measurement must adopt carrier phase observation value. RTK is a real-time kinmeatic technology based on carrier phase observation value. It can provide three-dimensional positioning results of instrument station in the specified coordinate system in real time. In the RTK operation mode of Beidou navigation satellite system(BDS), the base station transmits its observation values and station coordinate information to the rover station through the data link. However, under the condition of centralized storage, these data are easy to be tampered. If tampering occurs in cadastral survey, forest fire prevention, maritime rescue and other events, it may cause life and economic damage to citizens and national stakeholders. Therefore, it is necessary to identify wrong and forged data to ensure the integrity of Beidou data, and improve the reliability of data by supporting traceability and public verifiability. Blockchain is a distributed ledger system, which is naturally decentralized, publicly verifiable, tamper proof and traceable. In this paper, a new RTK service framework of Beidou satellite navigation system is proposed. The blockchain network is used to record Beidou data, and the public verifiability and non-tamperability of blockchain are used to ensure the integrity and reliability of Beidou data. The rover station is used to monitor the RTCM(Radio Technical Commission for Maritime services) data flow, improve the monthly package annual billing mode, realize the billing by data traffic, make the payment mode more reasonable and refined, and use the Ethereum client to build a private chain for implementation.
Key words : Beidou；RTK；blockchain；tamper proof；data reliability
0 引言
全球?qū)Ш叫l(wèi)星系統(tǒng)(GNSS)是一種基于衛(wèi)星的導(dǎo)航技術(shù)，它可以在任何時間、任何地點(diǎn)和任何天氣條件下給出三維位置信息。中國北斗衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)(BDS)是自主創(chuàng)新的衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)。它是繼美國全球定位系統(tǒng)(GPS)和俄羅斯格洛納斯衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)(GLONASS)之后的第三個成熟的衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)。隨著北斗系統(tǒng)Ⅲ的運(yùn)行，北斗衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)覆蓋了世界大部分地區(qū)，其綜合定位服務(wù)能力部分優(yōu)于GPS系統(tǒng)，安全性比GPS系統(tǒng)高，還具有短消息數(shù)據(jù)通信等差別功能。
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作者信息：
袁小溪1，孫 舟1，陳 平1，及洪泉1，劉祥璐1，潘鳴宇1，陳思源2，3
(1.國網(wǎng)北京市電力公司電力科學(xué)研究院，北京100075；
2.重慶倍來電新能源有限公司，重慶401122；3.北京理工大學(xué) 計算機(jī)學(xué)院，北京100081)
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